Which of the following terms describes the phenomenon of organisms adapting to their environment over time?

The phenomenon of organisms adapting to their environment over time is best described by the term evolution. Evolution is the process by which species change over generations through mechanisms such as natural selection, mutation, genetic drift, and gene flow. This results in adaptations that help organisms survive and reproduce in their specific environments.

For example, consider how certain species might develop thicker fur in colder climates to maintain body heat. This adaptive characteristic would increase the likelihood of survival in that environment, demonstrating the principles of evolution in action.

In contrast, homeostasis refers to the ability of an organism to maintain stable internal conditions regardless of external changes, while photosynthesis is the process by which plants convert sunlight into energy. Migration involves the movement of organisms from one location to another, often in response to seasonal changes or environmental conditions, rather than an adaptive change over time. Thus, evolution encompasses the long-term changes in populations that lead to increased adaptation to their environments.